Genetically modified crops

Genetically modified crops (GM crops, or biotech crops) are plants, the DNA of which has been modified using genetic engineering techniques, to resist pests and agents causing harm to plants and to improve the growth of these plants to assist in farmers efficiency.

Genetically modified crops produce more food, but some worry it could upset delicate ecosystems.

More Food

Genetically modified foods produce higher crop yields, and so some have proposed it as a solution to solving hunger in developing countries. Also, although the seeds cost more up front, the yield is so great that such crops are cheaper to produce in the long run.

Reduced Need for Pesticides

Farmers do not need to use as much pesticides and herbicides on the crops, thereby reducing harm to the environment. They also decrease the amount of manpower needed to grow the crops.

Better Food Quality

The food quality is better. Genetic engineers can cause a fruit or vegetable to stay fresher for longer, extending its shelf life. They can also be engineered to withstand years of drought or other weather extremes while still providing a good crop yield. Engineers can also add essential vitamins to the food that are lacking.

Disadvantages of GM crops

Destabilization of Ecosystem

Genetically modifying foods could harm other organisms and upset the balance in the ecosystem. If engineers eliminate a pest from the crop, it could remove a food source for an animal. The GM crops could also be toxic for organisms.

Creation of New Diseases 

Some modification involves bacteria and viruses, so some people worry that this engineering could create new diseases. Also, pests could absorb the gene in the genetically modified crop and become resistant to sprays and other means of eliminating them.